This is a debate, which could run on forever. The four performance
aspects of your tyres are traction/speed/comfort and puncture resistance.
There are no set rules to achieving perfection on all these aspects
as there are many things that can affectthe tyres performance i.e. rider
weight, trail type, weather conditions etc.
Most tyres have recommended pressures on the sidewall. For example:
The WTB weirwolf 2.3 tyre we are currently testing has a recommended
pressure of 35-65psi. Based on these pressures this is how these tyres
will react.
35 psi: Slow acceleration.
Feels like you are carrying twice your weight. Sticks to trail like
glue, however feels as though the tyres are going to come off the rim
on cornering. Very prone to pinch flats especially in our rugged Scottish
terrain.
65 psi: Super fast acceleration.
Comfort Compromised as you can feel every single bump that you hit.
Very sketchy on corners and climbs because there is so little ground
contact with the tyre. High puncture resistance. Ideal for tarmac.
As you can see both ends of the spectrum have advantages/disadvantages.
For this reason it is usually best to find a happy medium. Personally
I would recommend a pressure of somewhere between 45-55 psi. This should
give a happy medium of traction/speed/comfort and puncture protection.
Remember that rider weight will also affect the tyres performance.
Adjust your tyre pressure accordingly.